Long a fierce critic of the authoritarian military government, Lintner believes only Aung San Suu Kyi can unite the country.
Bertil Lintner, expert
on Burmese issues, in Yangon, Myanmar on June 15, 2013. He was
blacklisted by Myanmar authorities in 1985. (Htoo Tay Zar/GlobalPost)
YANGON, Myanmar — Journalist Bertil Lintner's presence in Burma
this month, the first time he has been in the country with an official
visa in nearly 30 years, is just one sign of change here.
Lintner was blacklisted by the military government in 1985, but on
Saturday he launched a Burmese-language printing of his book "Outrage:
Burma's Struggle for Democracy", first published in 1995 but banned here
just as Lintner was.
The gentle-mannered writer with thick glasses and a thick Swedish
accent addressed a group of 20 young Burmese and American journalists at
the Savoy Hotel the night before the book launch. Lintner said he could
not help but notice the positive changes that have taken place in the
country since President Thein Sein announced a series of reforms
following his election in 2011, but he remains skeptical.
"The constitution is not democratic," Lintner warned, the hotel staff
who stood along the wall hanging on to every word just as the
journalists were. "The military still has control."
Bertil said he first visited Burma in 1977 at the age of 24.
"I fell in love with the country," he said. "It's like being caught in a time warp, quaint and funny."
But after meeting a man who told him about friends who were either
locked by the government or who had disappeared mysteriously, Bertil
thought to himself, "there's something sinister underneath this quaint
appearance," he said.
And indeed he was right, spending the next three decades documenting
government abuses as a reporter for a number of publications including
the Far Eastern Economic Review, which folded in 2009.
Linter said there are many things to consider when talking about
reforms, especially in light of the recent clashes between Buddhists and
Muslims in the country. Both religious discrimination and nationalistic
sentiments have long been present in Burma, with the ethnic Burman
majority remaining on the top of the social ladder.
"This has happened before," he said. "In 1968, a Muslim man wrote
about the deaths of Muslims and mobs of Buddhists torturing and firing
homes."
Looking around Burma, it could be difficult to imagine that a country
with so many Buddha statues and pagodas lives in fear of a Muslim
takeover of the country. The Muslim population makes up in total just 5
percent of the nation.
But many Yangon residents GlobalPost spoke with said a similar thing:
"The people are fearful of the Muslim community. We don't want our
country to be taken over by Muslims. This is a Buddhist society."
Lintner said he believes that Burma's constitution must be amended in
order for Burma's most famous dissident, Nobel laureate Aung San Suu
Kyi, to be able to run for the 2015 elections.
"The only person who can unify the country is Aung San Suu Kyi
because her father General Aung San promised autonomy for all ethnic
groups," Lintner believes.
The constitution states that anyone who is married to a foreigner or
has children who hold foreign nationality is not permitted to become
president. Suu Kyi's husband Michael Aris was
British and both her sons hold British citizenship. She was under house arrest as a political prisoner for 15 years.
But as involved and appreciated as Gen. Aung San was in
reconciliation with the ethnic communities, his daughter has been
heavily criticized for her silence on ethnic violence in Kachin State
and anti-Muslim violence in Rakhine State, among other domestic
conflicts.
In an
Asia Times article published in November 2012,
Lintner wrote
that "some Myanmar dissidents are beginning to ask, albeit in hushed
tones, the hitherto unthinkable: is Suu Kyi being used by the Thein
Sein's military-backed, civilianized government as a pawn in its efforts
to break the country's long isolation from the West? And, has she come
under pressure from the US and possibly other Western powers with a
stake in Myanmar's future geopolitical role to strike a deal with her
former military adversaries?"
Although Lintner said that Burma is not yet a democracy, his presence indicates some level of meaningful reform.
"They seem more optimistic than they have been for over a half a
century," he said. "But one shouldn't underestimate the government."
http://www.globalpost.com/dispatches/globalpost-blogs/groundtruth-burma/blacklisted-journalist-bertil-lintner-returns-burma