Moi de jiwoi jiwa prat kaw kaji kajaw gasat lai mat sai labau ni hpe gaw n ka sai. Nambat (2) Mungkan majan kaw nna byin wa ai mung masa lam ni hte hpyen masa nkau ni hpe tang madun mayu nngai.
Inglik ni Myen hkawhkam hpe hpang jahtum woi mat nna Myen Mung hpe dang madu la sai ngu ai ten hta anhte a gumchying gumsa Du ni a shara de garai n lawm shi ai rai nga ai (South, 2008) Dai majaw, anhte a Gumchying Gumsa Du ni up ai shara gaw Myen Hkawhkam a npu kaw n re lam labau hta dandawng nga sai.
Nambat (2) Mungkan majan hta anhte Asha Mungdan hta gaw Japan hte Allied forces (American & English) ni a majan re lam Mungkan ting chye chyalu rai nga ai. Raitim, anhte kata kaw kadai n chye shi ai manghkang ni nga taw ai.
Japan ni Asha Sinpraw-Dingda (Southeast Asia) de du shang wa ai shaloi, Thai Mungdan (Siamese), Bangkok kaw e Myen Jawngma ningbaw Aung San wa woi awn ai Jawng ma hpung ni gaw BIA (Burma Independence Army) ngu ai Hpyen Dap hpe 1941 ning kaw hpaw hpang wa masai. 1942 ning Myen Mung de Japan ni gasat shang wa ai shaloi dai BIA ni mung gasat lawm ma ai. Myen Mung de gasat ai ngu ai hta e, Japan ni gaw English hpe madung dat gasat ai raitim, BIA ni gaw Hpu nau Karen ni hpe madung gasat ma ai. Bai nna, Hkristan ni hpe Shan hpraw ni a masha re ngu nna mare ting ting sat nat lai wa masai. Grau nna gaw Eyarwaddy Zinlawng hkan e byin lai wa ai Karen Mungchying shawa ni hpe sat sharu ai poi hta e BIA a dap lakung ni lawm nna, ahkyak kaba Karen Mung masa ningbaw ningla langai mung lawm mat ai rai nga ai. (Aung, 1967, P-302, 315, KNU 2012).
Ndai zawn Hkristan Uhpung uhpawng ni hpe Shanhpraw masha (Westerners) ni a Shingnan Masha (Tabye) ngu ai hku nna masat let gasat wa ai gaw anhte Kachinland de du shang wa sai. Nnan du ai shaloi, Kachin Duwa ni mung Japan hpe nnan daw hkap hkalum la ma ai. Raitim, anhte hpe roirip ai lam amyu myu byin wa sai. Dai ten anhte wuhpung hta Nat Jaw hte Hkristan uhpung lahkawng re shaloi, hpaji chye grau ai ni gaw Hkristan ni rai nga ai. Dai majaw, Englik asuya prat hta Asuya magam gun ai malawng maga gaw Hkristan ni tai taw ai. Dai majaw, Hkristan ni hpe madung dat nna hpyen shatai wa ai rai nga ai. Nawngnang kaw e, Ma kaji ni hpe hpun ntsa lung shangun nna, Woi law.. woi law.. ngu marawn let sinat hte gap shama da nna, jawm mani, re ai baw arawn alai ni gaw anhte hpe ninghkap gasat na matu n-gun jaw wa sai rai nga ai.
Dai majaw, American CIA ni woi awn let American-Kachin Rangers ngu ai hpyen dap hpe1942 ning April 14 hta hpaw hpang nna Japan ni hpe shingla gasat hpang wa masai.1942 ning kawn gasat wa ai Japan majan hta e, Japan hpyen la ni sha n rai, Gen. Aung San wa woi awn ai BDA (Burma Defence Army) ni hte mung gasat ra ai rai nga ai. Dai ten kaw na Myen hte majan byin hpang sai rai nga ai. Anhte amyusha ni 1942 ning kawn Japan hpe gasat nga ding yang hta, lawu ga de gaw 1943 ning August 1 ya shani Dr. Ba Maw hte Gen. Aung San wa woi awn nna Japan Asuya kata kaw Myen Mung shanglawt ndau masai. Dr. Ba Maw gaw Hkringmang Daju rai nna, Gen. Aung San gaw BDA a Hpyen Daju Jum (CS) rai nga ai. Ndai Japan prat na Myen Mung Shanglawt ndau ai kaw mung Anhte a Mungdaw n lawm nga ai. Anhte gaw 1942 kawn 1945 du hkra matut manoi Japan Hpyen Dap hte Myen BDA ni hte gasat nga ding yang rai nga ai.(Crisisgroup, 2011)
Anhte ni Japan hte BDA ni hpe gawt shapraw kau ngut ai nna Zinlum kaba kaw padang manau poi galaw ngut ai hpang, 1945 March shata hta she Myen ni Japan hpe gasat sai lam ndau dat ma ai. Dai hpe gaw Anti-Fascist People’s Freedom League (AFPFL) ngu nna ya du hkra Japan gasat ai labau hku sharin nga ma ai.
Kachin Ranger Hpyen Dap hpe gaw 1945 July 12 hta majan ngut sai (mission completed) majaw dap shabra (discharged) kau nna tinang buga de tinang bai wa masai. (CIA 2007).
Inglik ni Myen Mung na gan koi yen ai ten Myen Mung hte seng ai Inglik Asuya gaw India Mungdan Simla kaw rung jung da ai ten rai nga ai. Ndai zawn Japan majan laman lawu Myen Mung masha ni hte anhte amyusha ni (Sama Duwa ni hta lai nna) yawng gasat hkat ai hpe Simla rung kaw na Governor Reginald Dorman-Smith wa gaw Myen Mung Shanglawt jaw ai shaloi matut nna manghkang n byin na matu Simla White Paper of 1945 masing hpe ka lajang da nu ai. Dai gaw tinang shara hpe tinang uphkang lu na mung masa pinra langai hpe gyin shalat na matu rai nga ai.
Dai majaw Gen. Aung San wa gaw Jinghpaw Mung de adingtawk lung wa nna Japan maga lawm ai Sama Duwa Sinwa Nawng hpe sa hkrum sai. Jinghpaw Du ni law malawng gaw Myen hte pawng na n hkraw ma ai. Raitim, Sama Duwa mala shala pawt nna tsun wa ai majaw, shada da ga li ga law n kam byin nna Panglong Ga Shadi kaw lekmat htu lawm sai rai nga ai. (South, 2008). Panglong Ga Sadi a madung gaw tinang Mungdaw madu uphkang lu na ahkaw ahkang hpe pahkam hkam ai lam rai nga ai. Myen Mung Shanglawt la ai shaloi anhte gaw Myen a npu taw na matu n rai, tinang nan myit hkrum nna, rau nga na matu ga sadi tawn ai lam rai nga ai. Dai hpe Myen ni ga sadi run ai majaw, ya na zawn majan n zim hkraw mat ai rai nga ai. (Lian, Z. 2012, Sakhong, L.H. 2012).
Lama na anhte a Ningbaw Ningla ni Myen ni hte shanglawt jawm la na matu myit n hkrum lawm ai rai yang, dai ni anhte Mungdaw gaw Myen Mung kata kaw n rai na sai. Anhte gaw New Zealand, Australia zawn re ai England a Common-Wealth mungdan langai hku rai mat na rai nga ai. Myen ni Jum n shalai ya yang Jum n lu sha na sha chye tsang ai anhte a Du ni a machye machyang a majaw mung rai nga ai.
References;
-Aung, M. H. (1967). A History of Burma. New York: Columbia University Press. - CIA. (2007, May 8). Intelligence Operations of OSS Detachment 101. Retrieved from Central Intelligence Agency: http://goo.gl/AoIvg9
- Crisisgroup. (2011). Myanmar: A New Peace Initiative. Jakarta/Brussels: International Crisis Group, Working to prevent conflict worldwide.
-KNU. (2012, October 7). KNU History. Retrieved from Karen National Union:http://goo.gl/q7JNgB
- Lian, Z. (2012). Institutional Design for Divided Societies, A Blue-pint for a multi-ethnic Burma. Chiang Mai: The Burma Centre for Ethnic Studies, Chiang Mai University.
- Sakhong, L. H. (2012). The Dynamic of Sixty Years of Ethnic Armed Conflict in Burma. Chiang Mai: Burma Centre for Ethnic Studies, Peace and Reconciliation.
- South, A. (2008). Ethnic Politics in Burma, States of conflict. New York: Routledge.
SINGAPORE — Lee Kuan Yew, the founding father and first prime minister of Singapore who transformed that tiny island outpost into one of the wealthiest and least corrupt countries in Asia, died on Monday morning. He was 91.
“The prime minister is deeply grieved to announce the passing of Mr. Lee Kuan Yew, the founding prime minister of Singapore,” a statementposted on the prime minister’s official website said. “Mr. Lee passed away peacefully at the Singapore General Hospital today at 3:18 am.”
CCTV
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In the aftermath of the deadly bombing in southwest #China's Yunnan province, the Myanmar government has offered 70-thousand yuan (about 11,000 US dollars) in compensation to each of the victims' families.
China has yet to respond to the proposal.
Manang ni e ya yang e Myen hpyen dap ka ta hkan gaw n dai hku re da lol.... Lahta sam mung Dap ba 4, Kukang, hte hpu nau Palawng ni a gin ra de majan rawt ai hpyen dap sha gu n dai hku re da lol....
Kachin, tribal peoples occupying parts of northeastern Myanmar (Burma) and contiguous areas ofIndia (Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland) and China (Yunnan). The greatest number of Kachin live in Myanmar (roughly 790,000), but some 150,000 live in China and a few thousand in India. Numbering about 1012,000 in the late 20th century, they speak a variety of languages of the Tibeto-Burman group and are thereby distinguished as Jinghpaw, or Jingpo (Chingpaw [Ching-p’o], Singhpo), Atsi, Maru (Longvo), Lachid, Nung (Rawang), and Lisu .
The traditional Kachin religion is a form of animistic ancestor cult entailing animalsacrifice. As a result of the arrival of American and European missionaries in Burma beginning in the late 19th century, a majority of the Kachin are Christian, mainly Baptist and Roman Catholic. Among the Kachin in India, Buddhism predominates.
